Algorithmic Complexity - Appendix to The Prophets of the Thinking Machines

 

Algorithmic Complexity

Appendix to
The Prophets of the Thinking Machines:
Artificial General Intelligene and Transhumanism

History, Theory and Pioneers
Past, Present and Future
by Todor Arnaudov

                                                                                                                    

Edition: 20.7.2025 (32 pages)
Edition: 19.7.2025 (30 pages)
Edition: 18.7.2025 (27 pages) 

http://twenkid.com/agi
https://github.com/twenkid/sigi-2025
#complexity #сложност 

©Authors:  The authors of all cited and reviewed works, such as:
Hector Zenil, Felipe Abrahao, Andrey Kolmogorov, Gregory Chaitin, Ray Solomonoff, Leonid Levin; Charles Benett, David Deutsch, Nicolas Gauvrit, Jesper Tegnér, Leong Ting Lui, Santiago Hernández-Orozco, Jean-Paul Delahaye, Cristian S. Calude, Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic, Oliver Korten Noam Nisan, Avi Wigderson, Martin Davis, Alexander Shen, Marvin Minsky et al., ; various encyclopaedic sources such as Wikipedia etc.
… & Todor Arnaudov – author of The Prophets of the Thinking Machines and editor, summarizer, introductory texts, notes and author of the contextual reviews and mini-sub-articles.


Read the paper at:
https://twenkid.com/agi/Algorithmic-Complexity_Prophets-of-the-Thinking-Machines-18-7-2025.pdf   (32 pages)

Or from the SIGI-2025 github's page.

(...)

One specific reason for compiling this work now was that I recently discovered a paper from the circle of Hector Zenil about the SuperARC[1] test, and then a recent strategic program paper about the Simulation Intelligence[2]. I decided to refresh and deepen my knowledge by doing a literature review, using Hector’s works as a starting point[3].
            This work intends to be food for thought for readers who also want to improve and widen their knowledge. Other goals are to share my comments and additions to some of the reviewed ideas from the papers and in the context of The Prophets… – to shed light on ...

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[1] See below. This paper has technical and extensive continuations of generalizations done also in TUM in the early 2000s

[2] Simulation Intelligence: Towards a New Generation of Scientific Methods Alexander Lavin, David Krakauer, Hector Zenil et al., 2021/2022, https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.03235

[3] Part of the reviews here are included also in the bigger appendix #Listove which has broader and interdisciplinary scope and currently is bilingual - Bulgarian and English.

(...)

[This work is a continuation of the Lecture #4 from the AGI course] 

Complexity and The Universe Computer from the “Sacred Computer”

* World’s first university course in Artificial General Intelligence, Plovdiv 2010, 2011,
https://artificial-mind.blogspot.com/2010/04/universal-artificial-intelligence.html
https://research.twenkid.com/agi/2010/ https://research.twenkid.com/agi/2010/Complexity_Probability_Chaos_10-2010_MTR.pdf

* Lecture slides (Bulgarian):  Complexity and Theory of Information. Probability Theory – statistical (empirical) probability. Chaos Theory. Systems Theory. Emergent functions and behavior. Universe as a computer – digital physics. Algorithmic Probability. Kolmogorov's Complexity and Minimum Message Length. Occam's Razor.  (slides originally in Bulgarian)

* Definition of Machine Intelligence, Legg and Hutter, 2007 – Slides for the course:
Bulgarian: “Универсална интелигентност: Дефиниция на агента на Маркус Хутер” по работата: … Universal Intelligence:”

https://research.twenkid.com/agi/2010/Intelligence_by_Marcus_Hutter_Agent_14_5_2010.pdf
* Slides in English “Universal Intelligence According to Marcus Hutter's Definition”
https://research.twenkid.com/agi/2010/en/Machine_Intelligence_Hutter_Legg_Eng_MTR_Twenkid_Research.pdf

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Overview of Basic Concepts about Turing Machines and Computation

            A tape, divided into cells; a head; state register, a finite table of instructions: given the state and the symbol that is read from the tape (...)

Selected papers, summaries and notes in Algorithmic Complexity, Randomness etc.

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Can 8-bit Computers Think?

 

I'LL BE BAD! 

Teaser#1 of the 8-bit version of ВСЕДЪРЖЕЦ (VSY, Vsedurzhets, Jack of All Trades, Master of all Arts, ...). Stay tuned here, Youtube, github etc. if you want to know more.

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Awesome free e-zine: PagedOut and a funny hack unlocking a nasty limited custom routers that ISPs force to the users

Paged Out! is a free experimental (one article == one page) technical magazine about programming (especially programming tricks!), hacking, security hacking, retro computers, modern computers, electronics, demoscene, and other similar topics.

It's made by the community for the community. And it's not-for-profit (though in time, we hope it will be self-sustained) - this means that the issues will always be free to download, share, and print.  

https://pagedout.institute/

One related piece:
Reversing TP-Link EX220 from A1 https://xakcop.com/post/ex220/  - LOL

The author Radoslav Gerganov is possibly a brother of another Bulgarian hacker, who's the original author of Llama.cpp.     https://github.com/rgerganov     
  Found by another referenced project from an article about a project in PagedOut:  https://github.com/Mte90/pydal 

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Ben Goertzel about the Lack of Genuine Creativity in Almost all Human Jobs (Agreed)

Facing Superintelligence (with Ben Goertzel)

Future of Life Institute

77,3 хил. абонати

24 938 показвания 23.05.2025 г. Future of Life Institute Podcast https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0bsd-4TWZE

 1:03:43

yeah while I'm not an optimist that LLMs can lead to human level AGI because I

1:03:49

think they don't have creativity in in a fundamental sense I I am an optimist

1:03:55

that LLMs with minor additions and tweaks

1:04:01

could take over like 95% of of of human jobs i I agree with Sam Alvin [Altman] on that

1:04:07

point i just think that 95% of human jobs I mean as a vague handwavy figure

1:04:14

can be done without fundamental creativity or or or or inventiveness so if you have a system that can do really

1:04:21

clever nearest neighbor matching against everything people have done as recorded on the internet like most of what people

1:04:28

are doing is a repetition of something that's already been done and recorded on on on the internet right so I I mean I

1:04:34

mean I I I I I think that we could roll out deep neural net

1:04:41

driven systems to do tremendous variety of human jobs right now

1:04:49

it's not happening that fast just because that's not how society and indust and industry are

1:04:56

are are organized right and and then that that becomes more a socio-csychological question i mean a a

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Agreed. That one was also a citation from the Internet, LOL. Something a bit creative or not uttered this way:

"Internet" = "everything". ... an enormous precomputed, sorted, organized, prepared, ... super fast memory for everything with search, preprocessing etc. The lack of creativity is true not only for the jobs, but for the human activities and "universe's" activities. Preservation is the bigger part than progress - etc. - see The Sacred Computer's literature.

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The Godfather of AI repeats ideas of the Child Prodigy of the Thinking Machines 24-22 years later

The Godfather of AI is *reproducing* ideas of the Child Prodigy of the Thinking Machines 24-22 years later*: *(Part I of the matches):

The Child: Todor Arnaudov, 17 years old, 12.2001, from: "Man and Thinking Machine: an Analysis of the Possibility of Creating a Thinking Machine and Some Shortcomings of Humans and Organic Matter in Comparison to it.", The Sacred Computer, #13 (translated from Bulgarian with ChatGPT): "[before the citation begins, there are definitions about consciousness, related to what's now popular as an easier problem of consciousness" - intelligence as cognitive capabilities, behavior etc. vs the "hard" problem - spiritual, subjective experience etc. - see the work, the Theory of Universe and Mind etc.]):

"... If this is what consciousness is, then the thinking machine will undoubtedly have it. But if consciousness is the 'feeling of sensory perceptions,' then intelligent behavior does not necessarily mean the presence of consciousness, just as the lack of intelligence cannot prove the absence of consciousness. Personally, I am not entirely sure that consciousness in the sense of the 'feeling' of thoughts and emotions—experienced the way we humans (including myself) feel it—is solely the result of the joint activity of billions of neurons in the brain, of the complexity of their connections, and so on. It's easy to ask: where exactly is our 'self' located? Maybe 'we' are in the totality of billions of neurons? Fine — but if we remove one neuron from the whole (something that happens constantly, as neurons continuously die and are not replaced), and then another, and another, and so on — at what point do we cross the boundary after which a person will lose their self-awareness, will no longer feel what is happening, even though their external behavior still suggests that they do?", Todor Arnaudov, 17 years old, 2001

* The original in a geocities' archive:
https://www.oocities.org/eimworld/eimworld13/izint_13.html (or see the excerpt below)

The Godfather (and Grandfather): * Geoffrey Hinton, 77 years old, June 2025 in an interview:

"Godfather of AI: I Tried to Warn Them, But We’ve Already Lost Control! Geoffrey Hinton",The Diary Of A CEO

https://youtu.be/giT0ytynSqg?t=3939 Transcript from Youtube:

" suppose i take your brain and i take one brain cell in

1:05:44: your brain and i replace it by this a bit black mirror-l like i replace it by

1:05:50: a little piece of nanotechnology that's just the same size that behaves in exactly the same way when it gets pings

1:05:56: from other neurons it sends out pings just as the brain cell would have so the other neurons don't know anything's

1:06:02: changed okay i've just replaced one of your brain cells with this little piece of nanotechnology; would you still be

1:06:08: conscious now you can see where this argument is going yeah so if you replaced all of them as i replace them all at what point do you stop being conscious? 

--> The matches continue ... (At least two important points and I didn't watch the whole)

Visit the virtual conference SIGI-2025: https://github.com/twenkid/sigi-2025

* The Godfather or the Grandfather - both are true in the context of the "Child", LOL.

An AI joke:

How the Godfather knows ... -- this will go to another post or a short on Youtube; also  do you know why Connor ... well - maybe you'll guess, but verify it later. 

Оригинал на български (the bold font is from the original text):

"... Ако това е съзнанието, ММ несъмнено ще го има. Но ако съзнанието е "усещането на сетивните възприятия", то разумно поведение не значи непременно наличие на съзнание, както и липсата на разум не може да докаже отсъствието на съзнание. Лично за себе си не съм напълно сигурен, че съзнанието в смисъл на "усещане" на мислите и чувствата по начина, по който го усещаме ние хората (в частност и моя милост), се дължи само на съвместната работа на милиардите неврони в главния мозък, от сложността на връзките и пр.. Лесно да се запитаме къде точно се намира нашето "Аз" ? Може би "ние" сме в съвкупността от милиарди неврона? Добре, ако отстраним един неврон от цялото (това е нещо, което се случва постоянно, невроните непрекъснато умират и не биват замествани от нови)? Ако продължим и премахнем още един, и още един и така нататък, кога ще стигнем до границата, след която човекът ще загуби своето самосъзнание, няма да усеща това което се случва, въпреки че външните му прояви показват, че го усеща?"

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