Monday, April 23, 2012

// // 2 comments

Copyrighted Free Courses - Are the Major Institutional Fashionable Free Online Courses Really Free?

I already mentioned about that issue in a post, but then I just has glanced it. Now I checked it again before register - I was disappointed and didn't sign the conditions. I'll rather satisfy my interest using other resources.

According to my interpretation of the "Terms" at the site  https://www.coursera.org/about/, the courses aren't "free" (as in "freedom", liberated), just the opposite.

They might be "free of charge" right now, but as stated, this is a bloody corporate contract, one-side NDA - the bosses can use all you send, but you can't use what they provide, except in the course, i.e. "at work", to serve for the company's own profits, in this case it seems like advertising strategy similar to playing "free" games online.

For fundamental and natural sciences such as Biology, Maths or Neuroscience this is probably OK, they can't claim copyright for the DNA sequence or the formula of Dopamine. However in Computer Science courses I suspect this might be an issue, if you are an entrepreneur or plan to be, because the knowledge and experience (e.g. algorithms) you may gain from the course may turn into "derivative works" of material you've studied from the lectures and the assignments, or just have been exposed to, even if you have experience from other sources. By the terms - you are not allowed to create derivative works.


"Free"  is associated with GNU, GPL, LGPL, BSD, Apache, Creative Commons; Linux, GCC, Wikipedia, Firefox, GIMP, OpenOffice.org, Eclipse; OpenGL, OpenCV, OpenCL, OpenAL; Public Domain, Copyleft, ...




Copyrighted Free Courses?

See  "Permission to Use Materials" and   "User Material Submission"
I'm not a lawyer, but I agree with my ex-manager from the semiconductor industry who has remarked that  sometimes the work of engineers is like the work of lawyers, because it involves interpreting customers' or architects' requirements which often are like bad laws - vaguely defined and having catches regarding the interpretation.


I admit and suspect that the texts below might be just standard boring lawyers' copyright definitions, or consist of parts from such, "copy-pasted" here by the lawyers of those institutions. It doesn't make them sound less threatening and inappropriate, though.

There's a cite from the publicly available terms, which doesn't require registration https://www.coursera.org/about/:

 1) "Permission to Use Materials"

"All content or other materials available on the Sites, including but not limited to code, images, text, layouts, arrangements, displays, illustrations, audio and video clips, HTML files and other content are the property of Coursera and/or its affiliates or licensors and are protected by copyright, patent and/or other proprietary intellectual property rights under the United States and foreign laws. In consideration for your agreement to the terms and conditions contained here, Coursera grants you a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to access and use the Sites. You may download material from the Sites only for your own personal, non-commercial use. You may not otherwise copy, reproduce, retransmit, distribute, publish, commercially exploit or otherwise transfer any material, nor may you modify or create derivatives works of the material. The burden of determining that your use of any information, software or any other content on the Site is permissible rests with you.


2)  "User Material Submission"
The Sites may provide you with the ability to upload certain information, text, or materials, including without limitation, any information, text or materials you post on the Sites’ public forums (“User Content”). With respect to User Content you submit or otherwise make available in connection with your use of the Site, and subject to the Privacy Policy, you grant Coursera and the Participating Institutions a fully transferable, worldwide, perpetual, royalty-free and non-exclusive license to use, distribute, sublicense, reproduce, modify, adapt, publicly perform and publicly display such User Content. To the extent that you provide User Content, you represent and warrant to Coursera and the Participating Institutions that (a) you have all necessary rights, licenses and/or clearances to provide and use User Content and permit Coursera and the Participating Institutions to use such User Content as provided above; (b) such User Content is accurate and reasonably complete; (c) as between you and Coursera, you shall be responsible for the payment of any third party fees related to the provision and use of such User Content and (d) such User Content does not and will not infringe or misappropriate any third party rights (including without limitation privacy, publicity, intellectual property and any other proprietary rights, such as copyright, trademark and patent rights) or constitute a fraudulent statement or misrepresentation or unfair business practice.
The Sites may also provide you with ability to upload or send information to Coursera regarding the Sites or related services (“Feedback”). By submitting the Feedback, you hereby grant Coursera and the Participating Institutions an irrevocable license to use, disclose, reproduce, distribute, sublicense, prepare derivative works of, publicly perform and publicly display any such submission.



Free?!

That doesn't sound free to me. That's an exploitation of resources send by users for free - e.g. code send by a very talented student, who sends original solution of a problem, - while the resources provided by "the good will" of the INSTITUTION" (a dreadful anti-freedom word) are locked, and "the burden of determining that your use of any information, software or any other content on the Site is permissible rests with you."
Well...


Let's see the following case:

1) A student takes a course in Compilers.
2) It consists of some theories and techniques, some of which are 50-60 years old, or 40 at least and can be found in every textbook, or even re-invented, or found in free-compilers, e.g. GCC.
3) Some time later the student then create a "derivative work" - develop a new compiler.

If it's a compiler with current meaning of "compiler" and current computers, it surely will use some or all of the algorithms that were included also in the course, and there might be code segments which would be similar to ones taught in course (well, there aren't 100000 ways to code a few steps algorithm optimally).

However, if you use those algorithms and similar code - "derivative works" and make profit, you may be taken responsible for infringing rights of the INSTITUTION (sounds like "the corporation" of which you're an employee for free, meaning - you work for free).

You may know the algorithms from other sources prior or after the course (you may have been a bad student, or quit mid term; or learn it, but then forget all and re-learn years later. Or what about studying the code of GNU C++, Open JDK, or just borrowing a few textbooks from the library?

Well, sorry - if it was in the course (if it's important, it perhaps will be mentioned somehow there), then you might be a violator of the copyright of the INSTITUTION.



Opinion: You're talking bullshit, of course nobody will interpret it like that!

Who knows and why not?  The only way to prove it won't be interpreted that way is a clarification from the organizers.

I just follow the "Permission" claims:  The burden of determining that your use of any information, software or any other content on the Site is permissible rests with you.




Cheers!


...

See also: "Всички права запазени! | All Rights Reserved! - сатирично есе относно мъгливи декларации, припомнено от SOPA и ACTA" -- http://artificial-mind.blogspot.com/2012/01/all-rights-reserved-sopa-acta.html (a reissue of an article of the copyright vagueness and absurd definitions, that I wrote back in 2003)


- News: Computer Vision, NLP etc. - On-line Courses from Berkeley, Stanford, MTU -- http://artificial-mind.blogspot.com/2012/03/news-computer-vision-nlp-etc-on-line.html
Read More

Sunday, April 22, 2012

// // Leave a Comment

News: Announcement for an upcoming first AGI/SIGI, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary conference, organized by Todor Arnaudov and friends

First Conference of the Independent Society of Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary AGI/SIGI Researchers  

AGI - Artificial General Intelligence
SIGI -
 Self-Improving General Intelligence

Location: Plovdiv, Bulgaria and on-line tele-conferencing
Languages: Bulgarian and English
Date: TBC

Target directions

- SIGI, AGI (Artificial General Intelligence), UAI
- Narrow AI, Bridging AI and AGI, Generalizing aproaches from AI
- Computer Graphics, and Virtual World Graphical and Physical Simulations
- Computer Vision and 3D-Reconstruction
- Speech/Sound Recognition
- Robotics
- Natural Language Processing/Understanding/Generation, Comparative Linguistics ...
- Neuroscience, Neurolinguistics, Neuro-... Cognitive-... Comparative Nuroscience ..
- Developmental Psychology, Child Language, Language Acquisition
- Automatic Programming/Intelligent Refactoring, Automatic Software Optimization
- Brain-Computer Interface and Advanced Intelligent Human-Computer Interaction
- High-Performance Computing and GPGPU - General purpose GPU - CUDA, OpenCL etc. for
- Philosophy, Ethics and Futurology
- Cybernetical Metaphysics
- General Evolution Trends
- ...

Format


Papers, reports, proposals, talks, discussions, workshops, ...

Participation
- Researcher and Developer, Presenter, Contributor...
- Student/Participant in discussions/Visitor - attending the events - lectures and workshops, asking questions and engaging in discussions
- Helpers/Assistants/Supporters ...
- ...

Purpose
The major one is to gather the community the organizer has always been trying (aiming) to create:
- to initiate and push a stronger exchange of knowledge and ideas
- to help the creation of teams, support and collaboration
- to provoke other young researchers to join the AGI community

So far the participants are selected and invited by the organizer Todor Arnaudov, who's author of two of the first AGI University courses worldwide.

Details are to be updated and clarified.

If you're interested about the event, ask here or at: twenkid -- at -- gmail.

Read More

Thursday, April 5, 2012

// // Leave a Comment

ДЗБЕ и Юнашкото наречие: Интервюта с Тодор Арнаудов и публикации в пресата 2003 г. и 2005 г. -- DZBE and the Yunashki Dialect - Articles, and Interviews with Todor Arnaudov in Newspapers and Magazines in 2003 and 2005


Прочетете няколко интервюта с мен/материали за ДЗБЕ и Юнашкото наречие, излезли в пресата между 2003-2005 г. - част от приноса ми/дейността ми в областта на социолингвистиката, стилистиката, литературата, българския език в първите години на 21-ви век:

http://research.twenkid.com/wp/interview_bg/ 

(Ох, каква прическа имах през 2005 г. :D)

Както знаете, преди месец обявих възстановяване на ДЗБЕ, под името ДРУБЕ - Дружество за Развитие и Усъвършенстване на Българския Език.

 http://artificial-mind.blogspot.com/2012/02/2-drube-society-for-development-and.html

Постепенно ще препубликувам материалите от предишната "епоха", ще добавя нови за развитието през годините, и ще се опитам да намеря старите ми, и нови съмишленици.

(Работите от тогава са достъпни и сега, стига някой да е любопитен ще ги намери с две кликания, но ще направя нов по-свеж сайт, и вероятно ще ги коментирам от гледна точка на случилото се през изминалите... за някои от статиите - 9-10-11 години...)


Думи: ДЗБЕ, ДУБЕ, ДРУБЕ, Дружество за защита на българския език, усъвършенстване, развитие, лингвистика, езикознание, социолингвистика, статии, вестници, списания, преса, медии, новини
Read More

Sunday, April 1, 2012

// // 3 comments

Jürgen Schmidhuber Talk on Ted, Creative Machines and the Omega Point | Computer Vision, 3D-reconstruction from 2D

Juergen Schmidhuber - TEDxLausanne - When creative machines overtake man



Funny as usual. :)

One critics I've got on the computers who will reach human brain computing power - brain power calculations are unreliable and not really comparable, and ironically brain computing power is specialized and probably some of the operations are redundant or unnecessary., A computer having power to simulate a brain is much more flexible and powerful. I've discussed on these issues on the blog and the AGI list. (Should do the digest...)

Computer vision problems of 3D-reconstruction from images and image and video processing, done with GPUs give some suggestions on supposed required computing power in digital terms, but human brain puts a lot of "empty cycles" before reaching to such capabilities, even while having actuators which are usually lacking yet in machines - if the agent is capable to manipulate the position of the object, the "cameras" and the focus predictably and slowly, as babies can do with their eyes, heads and body, it's far easier to detect and scale perspective laws etc.

And it takes many months to get to 3D-vision and to increase resolution and develop 3D-reconstruction in the human brain. That adds ~86400 fold per day and 31,536,000 "cycles" per year.

What computing power is needed?

I don't think you need millions of the most powerful GPUs and CPUs at the moment to beat human vision, we'll beat it pretty soon, a lot of the higher level intelligence in my estimation is very low at its complexity (behavior, decision making, language at the grammar/vocabulary levels) and would need a tiny amount of MIPS, FLOPS and memory. It's the lowest levels which require vast computing power - 3D-reconstruction from 2D one or many static or motion camera sources, transformations, rotations, trajectories computations etc., and those problems are practically being solved and implemented.

See for example:

Marc Pollefeys - ZURICH.MINDS



My estimations supercomputers were fast enough since many years, it's just the algorithms which are lacking yet.


*Thanks to Sasho for the link to the Juergen's presentation!


Words, Tags: Computer vision, 3D-reconstruction, 3D-graphics, computational creativity, Juergen Schmidhuber, Jürgen, Talks, Artificial General Intelligence, AGI, Futurology, Brain, Analysis, GPU, GPGPU, CPUs, computing power, supercomputers, 3D-models
Read More